Suppose you have the following medical dataset. There is an outcome variable that measures an individual i's health, Health_i. There is a dummy variable Treatment_i that measures whether or not the individual i in question received an experimental treatment, with Treatment_i=0 meaning they did not get the treatment and Treatment_i=1 meaning they did get the treatment. Finally there is a variable Sex_i measuring the biological sex of each individual, coded so that Sex_i=0 if male and Sex_i=1 if female