Suppose you wanted to measure the lost surplus to residents of San Diego for pollutionrelated closures of Ocean Beach. If you were to go to the beach on a given day and survey beachgoers regarding their activities and how long they traveled to spend their day at the beach, this would be an example of which type of approach to nonmarket valuation?

Revealed preference, direct approach

Revealed preference, indirect approach

Stated preference, direct approach

Stated preference, indirect approach