Tahmar Valley managerial accounting department provided the following information for the year just ended:

Budgeted direct labour cost : 42.000 hours @ $ 20 per hour

Actual direct labour cost: 40000 @ $22 per hour

Budgeted manufacturing overhead: $630.000

actual manufacturing overhead

Depreciation $110.000

property taxes: 45.000

indirect labour: 65.000

supervisory salaries: 105.000

electricity: 38.000

insurance: 15.000

factory rent: 110.000

indirect material: 120.000

total actual manufacturing overhead: 608.000

caculate the firm's predetermined (budgeted) overhead rate, based on direct labour hours.

caculate the overapplied or underapplied overhead for the year.

what are the causes of the overapplied or underapplied overhead, explain your answers.