Tano issues bonds with a par value of $180,000 on January 1, 2017. The bonds annual contract rate is 8%, and interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31. The bonds mature in three years. The annual market rate at the date of issuance is 10%, and the bonds are sold for $170,862.

What is the amount of the discount on these bonds at issuance?

How much total bond interest expense will be recognized over the life of these bonds?

Prepare an amortization table like the one in Exhibit 14.7 for these bonds; use the straight-line method to amortize the discount.