Technological Advancements Opportunities: Electric and Hybrid Aircraft: Developing electric and hybrid propulsion systems can significantly reduce emissions and operational costs. Advanced Manufacturing Techniques: Innovations like additive manufacturing can streamline production and reduce costs. Main Trends Forecasted Over the Next 5 Years Threats: High R&D Costs: Significant capital investment is required to develop and implement new technologies. Technological Obsolescence: Rapid technological changes can render current systems outdated. summarise the para