Teddy Ltd. is a company that manufactures and sells a single product, which they call a Toodle. For planning and control purposes they utilize a monthly master budget, which is usually developed at least six months in advance of the budget year. Their fiscal year end is December 31.

During the summer of 2017, Chris Leigh, the Teddy controller, spent considerable time with Pat Frazer, the Manager of Marketing, putting together a sales forecast for the next budget year (January to December 2018). Unfortunately, their collaboration worked so well they eloped to Las Vegas, were married by an Elvis impersonator, and settled down somewhere in the desert. Prior to their departure they e-mailed letters of resignation and a cryptic sales forecast to the President of Teddy.

Their sales forecast consisted of these few lines:

For the year ended December 31, 2017: 95,000 units at $50.00 each*

For the year ended December 31, 2018: 105,000 units at $50.00 each

For the year ended December 31, 2019: 110,000 units at $50.00 each

*Expected sales for the year ended December 31, 2017 are based on actual sales to date and budgeted sales for the duration of the year.

Teddys President felt certain that the marriage wouldnt last, and expected Chris would be back any day. But the end of the year is quickly approaching, and there is still no word from the desert. The President, desperately needing the budget completed, has approached you, a management accounting student, for help in preparing the budget for the coming fiscal year. Your conversations with the president and your investigations of the companys records have revealed the following information:

1. Sales are seasonal with the peak months being summer and winter holidays. The following table shows expected distribution of sales for each month based on percentage of the total budgeted sales. Months Percentage of sales

Jan, Feb, Mar 3% each

Apr, Aug, Sept 5% each

May, Jun, Jul 10% each

Oct 11%

Nov 15%

Dec 20%

2. From previous experience, management has determined that an ending inventory equal to 20% of the next months sales is required to fit the buyers demands.

3. Because sales are seasonal, Teddy must rent an additional storage facility from October to December to house the additional inventory on hand. The only related cost is a flat $10,000 per month, payable at the beginning of the month.

4. There are three types of raw material used in the production of toodles. Space-age acrylic (SAA) is a very compact material that is purchased in powder form. Each toodle requires 0.5 kilograms of SAA, at a cost of $25.00 per kilogram. The supplier of SAA tends to be somewhat erratic so Teddy finds it necessary to maintain an inventory balance equal to 40% of the following months production needs as a precaution against stockouts.

A plastic wheel assembly is purchased in kit form, and is attached during the assembly process. For a small premium, Teddy has made a JIT agreement with the supplier which includes on-time and quality assurances. Each toodle uses two kits, which cost $1.00 each.

The final component for the toy is a length of hemp rope which is used to pull the toy along the ground or floor. The rope is supplied by a student entrepreneur, who must be paid in cash. On the first day of every month she delivers exactly the right amount to manufacture the budgeted number of units for that month. It costs $2.00 per meter and Teddy uses one-half meter for each toodlle.

5. The beginning accounts payable (associated with SAA purchases only) will consist of $95,700 arising from the following estimated material purchases for November and December of 2017: Material purchases in November 2017: $193,150 Material purchases in December 2017: $134,475 Teddy pays for 50% of a months purchases in the month of purchase, 35% in the following month and the remaining 15% two months after the month of purchase. There is no early payment discount.

6. The manufacturing process for toodles is divided into three separate activities. The first step is the forming process, during which the SAA is liquefied and formed into several shapes that snap together to make the toy. During the next stage, the molded pieces are fused together using heat. This step is referred to as the assembly stage. The last stage is for finishing, during which the wheel and the pull rope are attached and the toy is prepared for shipping.

7. The first two steps of the manufacturing process are highly automated, so the only employees are three supervisors, who are trained to operate the equipment and make repairs as required. The supervisors work shifts, allowing the plant to operate for longer hours during the busier months. They are also responsible for managing the employees who work in the finishing department.

8. The last step, finishing, is the only part of the manufacturing process that employs direct labour. Most of the staff work on a part-time basis, so their hours can be set based on production requirements. This also eliminates the need for overtime. These employees are paid based on the number of units produced. They receive an average of $18.00 per hour including employee benefits. Each toodle spends 18 minutes in the finishing department.

9. Because of the large difference in the manufacturing stages, Teddy uses two separate variable manufacturing overhead rates. The forming and assembly departments use similar equipment and with the companys concentration on a single product, the manufacturing overhead is allocated based on volume (i.e. the units produced). The combined unit variable overhead manufacturing rate for forming and assembly is $6.50, consisting of: Utilities--$3.00; Indirect Materials--$1.00; Plant maintenance--$1.50; environmental fee--$0.70; and Other--$0.30. The best cost driver for the finishing department is considered to be direct labour hours. Here the predetermined variable manufacturing overhead is expected to be $4.00 per hour.

10. Fixed manufacturing overhead costs are not separated between departments. The total costs for the entire year are as follows:

Training and development $ 43,620

Supervisors salary 269,400

Depreciation on equipment 178,800

Insurance 96,000

Other 117,600

$ 705,420

The annual insurance premium is paid at the beginning of September each year. There should be no change in the premium from last year.

All other cash-related fixed manufacturing overhead costs are incurred evenly over the year and paid as incurred.

Teddy uses the straight line method of depreciation.

11. Selling and administrative expenses are known to be a mixed cost; however, there is a lot of uncertainty about the portion that is fixed. Previous years experience has provided the following information (rounded): Lowest level of sales: 70,000 units Total Operating Expenses: $769,800 Highest level of sales:110,000 units Total Operating Expenses: $1,009,800 The annual amount of depreciation on office furniture and equipment is only $21,000and this amount is already included in the fixed portion of the selling and administration expenses. Not included in the above expenses is bad debt expense. Payments for selling and administrative expenses occur in the month in which they are incurred.

12. Sales are on a cash and credit basis, with 70% collected during the month of the sale, 20% the following month, and 9.5% the month thereafter. of 1% of sales are considered uncollectible (bad debt expense).

13. Sales in November and December 2017 are expected to be $712,500 and $950,000 respectively. Based on the above collection pattern this will result in Accounts Receivable of $347,938 at December 31, 2017 which will be collected in January and February, 2018.

14. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, Teddy will be required to make monthly income tax installment payments of $5,000. Outstanding income taxes from the year ended December 31, 2017 must be paid in April 2018. Income tax expense is estimated to be 30% of net income. Income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2018, in excess of installment payments, will be paid in April, 2019.

15. Teddy is planning to acquire additional manufacturing equipment for $306,000 cash. They have a special agreement to pay the supplier in three equal installments starting in February, 2018. The manufacturing overhead costs shown above already include the depreciation on this equipment.

16. An arrangement has been made with the local bank that if Teddy maintains a minimum balance of $20,000 in their bank account, they will be given a line of credit at a preferred rate of 6% per annum. All borrowing is considered to happen on the first day of the month, repayments are on the last day of the month. All borrowings and repayments from the bank should be in multiples of $1,000 and interest must be paid at the end of each month. Interest is calculated on the balance at the beginning of the month, which includes any amounts borrowed that month.

17. Teddy Ltd. has a policy of paying dividends at the end of each quarter. The president tells you that the board of directors is planning on continuing their policy of declaring dividends of $50,000 per quarter.

18. A listing of the estimated balances in the companys ledger accounts as of December 31, 2017 is given below: Assets

Cash $ 83,365

Accounts receivable 347,938

Inventory-raw materials (SAA) 15,750

Inventory-finished goods 22,365

Prepaid Insurance 64,000

Capital assets (net) 724,000

Total assets $1,257,418

Liabilities and Shareholders Equity

Accounts payable $ 96,210

Income taxes payable 22,500

Capital stock 1,000,000

Retained Earnings 138,708

Total liabilities and shareholders equity $1,257,418

QUESTION

1. Prepare a monthly master budget for Teddy for the year ended December 31, 2018, including the following schedules: Sales Budget & Schedule of Cash Receipts (cash collections), Production Budget, Direct Materials Budget & Schedule of Cash Disbursements, Direct Labour Budget, Manufacturing Overhead Budget, Ending Finished Goods Inventory Budget, Selling and Administrative Expense Budget and Cash Budget