temperature of the water with a thermometer 2. Calculate the heat gained by the water (lost and record. (It will be assumed the tem- by the metal) in the calorimeter using the perature of the metal is the same as the equation in the Introduction. boiling water.) 3. calculate the specific heat of the metal using g Measure the temperature of the water in the the answer from number 2 and the equation plastic foam cup and record. in the Introduction. 10. Remove the test tube containing the metal from the boiling water and immediately pour the metal into the plastic foam cup. 11. Stir the water in the plastic foam cup slowly {thermometers can be broken easily), then record the highest temperature reached. 12. Recover the metal by carefully pouring the water off (decanting). Spread the solid metal on a paper towel to dry. Do not let any metal CONCLUSIONS 1. What physical properties, other than specific heat, could you use L0 help you identify the sample(s) used in this experiment. 2. Why is water an excellent material to use in a calorimeter? particles get into your labaratory sink. FURTHER |NVEST|GAT|ONS 13. REPE?':fBT_'TB procedure with a different 1. Calculate the specific heat of a metallic ele- metal if time permits. ment if 314 joules of heat energy are needed to raise the temperature of a 50.0 g sample from 25.0C to 50.0C. ANALYSIS 2. Propose a method for determining the specific 1. Prepare a table for your data, using Table heat, C,, for a metal like sodium which 11-1 as a guide. reacts with water. Table 11-1 MASS DATA TEMPERATURE DATA test tube 9 boiling water ___"C test tube + metal water in cup metal water in cup after metal plastic foam cup was added cup + water - water heat gained by water = J AT = gram of the substance one Ceisius degree. UTIEN appiied Lo MeLais Sreiisning, apreeinmn meas can be used as a basis for comparing energy absorption and transfer. To measure specific heat in the laboratory, a calorimeter of some kind must be used. A calorimeter is a well-insulated container used in measuring energy changes. The calorimeter is insulated to reduce the loss or gain of heat energy from the surrounding room conditions. Heat energy always flows from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature. The heat gained by the cooler substance equals the heat lost by the warmer substance, if we assume no loss of heat to the surrounding environment heat lost = heat gained In this experiment, you will determine the specific heat of a metal sample. The metal sample will be heated to a high temperature then placed into a calorimeter containing a known quantity of water at a lower temperature. Having measured the mass of the water in the calorimeter, the temperature change of the water [ A T), and knowing the specific heat of water [4.184 Jig-C|, the heat gained by the water [lost by the metal) can be calculated as follows: Heat gained by _ Mass of the water water|g) Change in temperature ATIC?) Specific heat of water |4.184 J/g- C") From the measured heat lost by the metal, the specific heat of the metal can be calculated. Specific heat _ of metal [C,) ~ Objectives in this experiment, you will ___Heat gained by the water Mass of metal | g) x AT of metal {C) measure the mass and temperature of water in a calorimeter; & heat a metal sample of known mass to a specific temperature; # calculate the change In water temperature caused by adding the hot metal sample; and, calculate the specific heat of the metal using your mass and temperature data. EQUIPMENT 4, Add the sample metal pieces until the test 250 mL beaker ring stand and ring tube is halffull. Record the mass of the plastic foam cup wire gauze test tube and metal. thermometer laboratory burner 5. Place the test tube containing the metal 18 % 150 mm test tube into the beaker of water and heat the water to the boiling point. Leave the test tube in the boiling water bath while you complete PROCEDURE Steps 6 and 7. 1. Prepare a data table for recording your 6. Obtain a plastic foam cup to be used as a observations as directed in Analysis. calorimeter and measure the mass carefully. 2. Fill a 250 mL beaker about half full of water. Record. Place the beaker of water on a ring stand 7. Fill the plastic foam cup about half-full with wire gauze. (See Figure 2-1.) Begin heat with distilled water at room lemperature ing the water to the boiling point. and record the mass. 3. Measure the mass of an empty, dry 18 * 8. While the test tube containing the metal is 150 mm test tube and record. still in the boiling water bath, measure the