Test Content

Question 1

6 Points

Describe the concept of confirmatory bias

Question 2

2 Points

Select all of the ethical issues in the criminal justice sphere

HIPPA Laws

Bail Reform

A 23 year old male stabbed a 51 year old male and took his Android phone in retaliation for his disrespect in an earlier dispute.

The Influence of the Media

Question 3

2 Points

Ed and Tina are grocery shopping for a night of Netflix and chill. A woman enters the store carrying a baby. She is asking for help to purchase food. Tina thinks Ed would be impressed if she pays for a milk, eggs and bread for the the woman. Tina then lets the woman know that she is happy to help. Tina's actions are an example of altruism.

True

False

Question 4

6 Points

Describe two goals of Restorative Justice

Question 5

2 Points

Justice only pertains to crime and punishment.

True

False

Question 6

16 Points

On June 18, 1995, police officer Jason Leavitt stopped motorist Archie Elliott. Elliott smelled of alcohol, and he admitted that he had been drinking excessively. Elliott failed several sobriety tests and was having trouble walking. Leavitt called for backup, handcuffed Elliott, and advised him that he was under arrest for driving while intoxicated. Leavitt briefly searched Elliott, finding no weapon or other contraband. Leavitt remembers checking the back side of Elliott's body but does not recall whether he checked the front.

Officer Wayne Cheney soon joined Leavitt on the scene. Cheney assisted Leavitt in placing Elliott in the front passenger seat of Leavitt's police car with the seatbelt fastened, the door closed, and the window rolled up.

The officers were talking by the passenger side of the car when Leavitt noticed a movement and looked to find Elliott with his finger on the trigger of a small handgun pointed at Leavitt and Cheney. Cheney also saw the gun. Elliott was very thin; he had released the seat belt and twisted his arms to the right side of his body to position the weapon. Leavitt yelled, "Gun!," and ordered Elliott to drop it. After Elliott did not respond, Leavitt and Cheney commenced firing, killing Elliott. The officers did not discharge all of their bullets; 22 were fired while 10 were found still in their weapons. Cheney then retrieved the gun, which had remained clasped in Elliott's hand.

The law at the time stipulated that "apolice officer may use deadly force when the officer has sound reason to believe that a suspect poses a threat of serious physical harm to the officer or others."

While keeping the law in mind:

1. Discuss whether the force the officers used was excessive
2. Propose other alternatives to what actually transpired
3. Explain what you think goes through an officer's mind during an incident like the one described above.
4. Discuss whether this account of the events seem factual, and if not, highlight areas of concern

Question 7

6 Points

Describe the difference between corrective and distributive justice.

Question 8

10 Points

Officer Graham who knows PeppaSteppa has a strong history of selling heroine and cocaine, considers planting evidence in the dealer's car to support a charge against her. PeppaSteppa is ruthless, smart, swift and hard to catch. PO Graham believes that planting drugs to help convict the known drug dealer is aiding the population by taking her off the streets, even if it means violating the drug dealer's rights.Please explain the ethical choice and why you think it is the ethical decision.

Question 9

2 Points

Which of the following themes is NOT included in the discussion of justice?

Fairness

Benevolence

Impartiality

Equality

Question 10

5 Points

If you were a judge about to pass sentence on an offender, determining the appropriate amount of punishment for this offender's crime is known as _________ justice.

substantive

egalitarian

procedural

retributive

Question 11

2 Points

___________ is a term used to describe programs that try to meet the needs of all parties involved in crime.

Accountability Justice

Retributive Justice

Cultural Justice

Restorative Justice

Question 12

10 Points

John Jacobs was recently arrested for burglarizing a home, which caused damage to the house and resulted in a loss of property. The homeowners (victims) are extremely upset this offender received probation instead of prison time.

You are a probation officer who supervisors medium risk offenders, most of whom are non-violent property crime offenders. Your most recent client is John Jacobs. The homeowners (victims of Jacobs's crime) have expressed to you their disappointment in our legal system and have told you they are scared to live in their own home. The homeowners demand you place the strictest sanctions on the offender and want him to pay for their damages and loss of property, which comes to $6,550.

You can choose to have offender Jacobs placed on full house arrest, attach an electronic GPS ankle bracelet, impose neither of these, mandate him pay all, part or none of the damages, or any combination of these or any other enforcement action you can imagine.

What decision do you make and explain why?

Question 13

6 Points

You decided to attach an electronic GPS ankle bracelet to John Jacob and have him pay for the full damages. Offender Jacobs removes his electronic GPS ankle bracelet and goes on another crime spree where he burglarizes three more homes. You issue an arrest warrant for him, and four days later he is arrested by the local sheriff's department. You need to find out why he is still offending and need him to commit to restitution.

You meet the offender in the local county jail and interview him about his recent crime spree. You determine the root cause of all of his issues is his addiction to heroin. You want to focus on restorative justice practices so you can make the victims whole again and have the offender make positive changes in his addiction.

What action do you take and explain why?

Question 14

9 Points

1. Do you think restorative justice works? Why or why not?
2. What can be done to make it better or more effective at reaching its goals?
3. Which type of restorative justice programs are the most beneficial to both victims and offenders?

Question 15

2 Points

__________ refers to an ethical system that holds that there is a universal set of rights and wrongs that are like religious beliefs, but without reference to a specific supernatural figure.

Ethics of Virtue

Moral Absolutism

Natural Law

Ethics of Care

Question 16

2 Points

You are in a heated argument with a relative about taking of a life of another human being. She emphatically states "there are no gray areas, killing someone is always wrong, in all cases, regardless of what good might come from their death." This position is known as _______.

utilitarianism

teleologism

absolutism

relativism

Question 17

2 Points

__________________________believes that what is right and ethical is determined by culture and the individual beliefs of the people involved.

Absolutism

Universalism

Utilitarianism

Relativism

Question 18

12 Points

Judge Pringle is adjudicating a child neglect and abuse matter in Bronx Criminal Court. The child, age 5 who was routinely placed in a dog cage for 2-3 days at a time by his parents has signs of physical abuse, malnutrition and is socially underdeveloped. It is reported that the parents would cage him while they did drugs or entertained friends. His father testified that the child enjoyed being in the cage and that it contained toys to keep him entertained and that the child would sometime voluntarily enter the cage. The mother reported that the cage was the child's "safe place" and that he knew when he was in there nothing would spill on him, and he could escape the chaos of the parties they hosted. Both parents expressed that placing their child in the dog cage was a much better option that introducing him to drugs or allowing him to roam among friends who could cause him physical harm. They explained that they had created signals the boy could use to notify them that he needed food or water.

You are Judge Pringle's Law Clerk and he has asked you to identifyanddescribeallthe cognitive restructuring mechanisms used in the above testimonies. Please do so below.

Question 19

12 Points

You are the newly appointed Police Commissioner of Monroe City Police Department (MCPD). You are reviewing the MCPD Patrol Guide and Ethical Code, and you realize that the officers' daily functions and approaches do not align with either of these handbooks. You would like to make a change. According to the chiefs you have interviewed about this issue, "this is the way things have been for a while and crime in Monroe City is at an all-time low. There is no need to shake things up."

1. What do you think about the chiefs' comments about the department's subculture?
2. Low crime stats are good for a police department,should you consider this?
3. What, if anything, should you do as a leader about the difference between the purported organizational culture and the actual subculture, and why or why not?

Question 20

2 Points

A police officer who is testifying under oath decides to perjure instead of testifying against his squad mate. The police officer explained that he wanted to be loyal to his colleague. This act is an example of ___________.

True loyalty

Egoism

Moral justification

Organizational culture

Details & Information