Tests for adverse reactions in a new drug yielded the results given in the table below. Using the steps below, at the 0.05 significance level, test the claim that the treatment (drug or placebo) is independent of the reaction (whether or not headaches were experienced). Drug Placebo

Headaches	11	7
no headaches	73	91

a) Using your Chi-Square table, find the critical value at the 0.05 significance level.

b) Enter your data in stat crunch and run a test for independence. State your Test Statistic (X²) and your p-value.

Test statistic(X²

p-value

c) What can you conclude? Specifically, does it appear that getting a headache is dependent or independent of whether you took the drug or placebo? Does it appear that a side effect of taking the drug is headaches?