Text Message	Video Chat	Phone Conversation
10	12	12
8	15	15
9	14	16
7	16	14
6	18	19
8	19	15
9	19	17
8	18	18
8	15	11
7	11	15
5	12	12
9	6	8
12	8	6
11	9	11
6	6	6

In 2013, Sherman et al. conducted a study to examine how different forms of communication (text messaging, vs. video chat vs. telephone conversation) can influence feelings of closeness and bonding among friends. They instructed participants to come into the lab with their best friend, and randomly assigned them to engage in a 5-minute conversation in one of the three modalities (text message, video chat, or phone conversations). After the conversation, they measured feelings of closeness on a scale of 1-20. Let's imagine that you decided to replicate this study with 45 participants (15 participants in each group).

1. What is the Sum of Squares (SS) between?

2. What's the Sum of Squares (SS) within?

3. What's the Mean Squares Within (MSwithin)? (you'll need to calculate the DF to figure this one)

4. What's the Mean Squares Between (MSBetween)?

5. What is the F statistic value? Round the answer to two decimal places.

6. What is the df between (also known as the df Numerator)?

A. df = 3

B. df = 30

C. df = 27

D. df = 2

7. What is the df within (also known as the df Demominator)?

8. What is the critical value? (Remember, if you cannot find the exact DF denominator value in the table, you should look for the closest number that is there).

9. Based on the critical value and the obtained value, do you accept or reject the null hypothesis?

A. Reject the null hypothesis

B. Fail to reject the null hypothesis