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In the short run, a permanent increase in the domestic money supply a. has stronger effects only on the exchange rate but not on output than an equal temporary increase. b. has stronger effects on the exchange rate and output than an equal temporary increase. c. has weaker effects on the exchange rate and output than an equal temporary increase. d. has stronger effects on output, but lower effect on the exchange rate than an equal temporary increase. e. has weaker effects only on the exchange rate than an equal temporary increase