THANKS FOR ANY HELP BUT PLEASE LIMIT YOUR ANSWER TO THE AMERICAN TAX CODE AND EXAMPLES. THANK YOU

Are any of these topics in the news? Has the Tax Act of 2017 changed the tax treatments of any of these areas?

AT RISK LIMITATIONS: Limits losses to amounts At-Risk.

PASSIVE ACTIVITY LOSS RULES: Limits losses by taxpayers not actively involved in the day-to-day operations of the business.

Risk limitations and/or Passive Activity Loss (PALs) Rules are! Are they fair or not? Why?? What about the special rules for real estate investment? These are NOT stock and bond investments. They tend to be pretty confusing for investors