The average final exam score for the statistics course is 78%. A professor wants to see if the average final exam score for students who are given colored pens on the first day of class is lower. The final exam scores for the 12 randomly selected students who were given the colored pens are shown below. Assume that the distribution of the population is normal.

59, 85, 82, 72, 65, 75, 54, 56, 69, 70, 85, 89

What can be concluded at the the

= 0.10 level of significance level of significance?

1. For this study, we should useSelect an answert-test for a population meanz-test for a population proportion
2. The null and alternative hypotheses would be:

H

0

:

H

0

:

?pSelect an answer><=

H

1

:

H

1

:

?pSelect an answer<=>

1. The test statistic?tz=(please show your answer to 3 decimal places.)
2. The p-value =(Please show your answer to 4 decimal places.)
3. The p-value is?>
5. Based on this, we shouldSelect an answerrejectfail to rejectacceptthe null hypothesis.
6. Thus, the final conclusion is that ...

• The data suggest that the population mean final exam score for students who are given colored pens at the beginning of class is notsignificantlylower than 78 at
• = 0.10, so there is statistically insignificant evidence to conclude that the population mean final exam score for students who are given colored pens at the beginning of class is lower than 78.
• The data suggest the populaton mean issignificantlylower than 78 at
• = 0.10, so there is statistically significant evidence to conclude that the population mean final exam score for students who are given colored pens at the beginning of class is lower than 78.
• The data suggest the population mean is notsignificantlylower than 78 at
• = 0.10, so there is statistically insignificant evidence to conclude that the population mean final exam score for students who are given colored pens at the beginning of class is equal to 78.