The central premise of restorative justice and defiance theory is that: a. All sanctions reduce criminal behavior b. Only fair sanctions reduce criminal behavior c. Unfair sanctions increase criminal behavior d. Both B and C Which of the following is one of the outcomes of sanctions, according to Sherman's Defiance theory? a. Deterrence b. Defiance c. Irrelevance d. All of the above . Most theories of crime focus exclusively on what age group? a. Young children (