The chi-square test for independence - 2 x 2

Suppose another researcher conducts a similar study but uses a sample of patients whose religious traditions are more varied than the patients in the Phelps study. He samples 200 terminally ill patients to see whether their practicing a religion is related to how likely they are to have a do-not-resuscitate order.

The following table shows the results of the study.

	Do-Not-Resuscitate Order
Practices a Religion	Yes	No
Yes	65	19
No	55	61

The researcher's null hypothesis is: "Among terminally ill patients, there is no relationship between whether they practice a religion and whether they have a do-not-resuscitate order." Fill in the following table of expected frequencies.

	Expected Frequencies
Do-Not-Resuscitate Order
Practices a Religion	Yes	No
Yes
No

1. The chi-square statistic is: ______

2. The distribution of the chi-square statistic has ________ degree(s) of freedom.

3. With = 0.05, the critical value is: ________

4. Because the chi-square statistic ________ the critical value, the researcher ________ the null hypothesis and concludes that there ________ convincing evidence of a significant relationship between whether terminally ill patients practice a religion and whether they have a do-not-resuscitate order.