The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) provides independent advice to Congress on the President's budget. It takes a long-term view of the budget process and federal funding. Their recommendations can be broad and sweeping. Listed below is their 2016 report on how to solve the deficit with recommendations.

You are to read the report. Your essay, and it is an essay, is to analyze the report recommendations. It may be for your selected agency, or it could be the report overall. Based on the knowledge you have gleaned about your agency, see how CBO recommendations fit with your knowledge.

Write as much as needed to demonstrate you understand the CBO ,what it is proposing and if it makes sense.

Yes, your prof has had to defend programs before them: how to score revenues with a self-funding program (hint--you don't score). What does scoring mean--how does it impact the federal budget.

https://www.cbo.gov/publication/51908

My selected agency is FDA.