The contribution format income statement for Huerra Company for last year is given below:

	Total		Unit
Sales	$	1,006,000	$	50.30
Variable expenses		603,600		30.18
Contribution margin		402,400		20.12
Fixed expenses		322,400		16.12
Net operating income		80,000		4.00
Income taxes @ 40%		32,000		1.60
Net income	$	48,000	$	2.40

The company had average operating assets of $498,000 during the year.

Required:

1. Compute the companys return on investment (ROI) for the period using the ROI formula stated in terms of margin and turnover.

For each of the following questions, indicate whether the margin and turnover will increase, decrease, or remain unchanged as a result of the events described, and then compute the new ROI figure. Consider each question separately, starting in each case from the data used to compute the original ROI in (1) above.

2. Using Lean Production, the company is able to reduce the average level of inventory by $99,000. (The released funds are used to pay off short-term creditors.)

Margin %	Increase, Decrease, -
Turnover	Increase, Decrease, -
ROI %	Increase, Decrease, -

3. The company achieves a cost savings of $11,000 per year by using less costly materials.

Margin %	Increase, Decrease, -
Turnover	Increase, Decrease, -
ROI %	Increase, Decrease, -

4. The company issues bonds and uses the proceeds to purchase machinery and equipment that increases average operating assets by $124,000. Interest on the bonds is $13,000 per year. Sales remain unchanged. The new, more efficient equipment reduces production costs by $5,000 per year.

Margin %	Increase, Decrease, -
Turnover	Increase, Decrease, -
ROI %	Increase, Decrease, -

5. As a result of a more intense effort by sales people, sales are increased by 10%; operating assets remain unchanged.

Margin %	Increase, Decrease, -
Turnover	Increase, Decrease, -
ROI %	Increase, Decrease, -

6. At the beginning of the year, obsolete inventory carried on the books at a cost of $16,000 is scrapped and written off as a loss.

Margin %	Increase, Decrease, -
Turnover	Increase, Decrease, -
ROI %	Increase, Decrease, -

7. At the beginning of the year, the company uses $185,000 of cash (received on accounts receivable) to repurchase and retire some of its common stock.

Margin %	Increase, Decrease, -
Turnover	Increase, Decrease, -
ROI %	Increase, Decrease, -