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The countries of both Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are characterized by patron-client political systems. (a)What aspects of their respective
The countries of both Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are characterized by patron-client political systems.
- (a)What aspects of their respective histories and present realities have led to the pervasiveness of these systems?
- (b)What are some of the differences in the way these patron-client relations are exercised in oil- exporting and non-oil-exporting countries in MENA?
- (c)How does this"clientelism"relate to the phenomenon of failed states in Sub-Saharan Africa?
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