The data in Table 3 relates the Research Excellence Framework ratings of submitted journal papers against the journal ranking using the Association of Business Schools journal list (data adapted from Pidd and Broadbent, 2015).

REF rating (R)	ABS 4*	ABS 3*	ABS 2*	ABS 1*	Unrated
4*	94	80	4	2	3
3*	95	296	29	1	6
2*	47	150	54	9	37
1*	3	28	10	6	21

Table 3: Data for Question 3

A. Enter the data in Table 3 into R using the following R commands to generate patterned data:

abs

abs

REF4

REF3

REF2

REF1

REFunrated

R

y

B. Show that Y:=(R-1)/3satisfies