The following financial data pertains to Amazon.com, Inc. and eBay Inc. for the fiscal year 2023:

($ millions)	Amazon.com, Inc.	eBay Inc.
Net sales	$470,000	$12,000
Cost of sales	250,000	6,000
Gross profit	220,000	6,000
Operating expenses:
Selling, general, and administrative	150,000	3,000
Research and development	42,000	1,500
Operating income	28,000	1,500
Interest and other (income) expense	3,000	500
Interest and investment income	(1,000)	(200)
Earnings before provision for income taxes	26,000	1,200
Provision for income taxes	7,800	360
Net earnings	$18,200	$840

Required: a. Calculate the return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), and return on financial leverage (ROFL) for Amazon.com, Inc. and eBay Inc. Assume a tax rate of 30%. b. Disaggregate the ROA into profit margin (PM) and asset turnover (AT) for both companies. Discuss the primary factors affecting their ROA. c. Analyze the trend in research and development (R&D) expenses over the past five years. How does it impact their innovation and long-term growth? d. Evaluate the current ratio and quick ratio for Amazon.com, Inc. and eBay Inc. What does it reveal about their short-term liquidity? e. Compare the interest coverage ratios for Amazon.com, Inc. and eBay Inc. What insights can be drawn about their financial stability and ability to meet interest obligations?