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The following information may be relevant to questions 12 -15: Yet another study appearing in the New England Journal of Medicine reports the results of
The following information may be relevant to questions 12 -15: Yet another study appearing in the New England Journal of Medicine reports the results of a randomized clinical trial conducted in China, designed to compare the efficacy of two treatments for hypertension in older adults. With regards to study design, the researchers report: \"In this multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, we assigned Chinese patients 60 to 80 years of age with hypertension to a systolic blood-pressure target of 110 to less than 130 mm Hg (intensive treatment) or a target of 130 to less than 150 mm Hg (standard treatment). The primaw outcome was a composite of stroke, acute coronary syndrome (acute myocardial infarction and hospitalization for unstable angina), acute decompensated heart failure, coronary revascularization, atrial fibri-lation, or death from cardiovascular causes." \"Of the 9624 patients screened for eligibility, 8511 were enrolled in the trial; 4243 were randomly assigned to the intensive-treatment group and 4268 to the standardtreatment group" Enrolled patients were followup for up to one year after randomization. The following Kaplan-Meier was included to show the primary findings from the study: 1.0- 0.10- 0.8- 0.08- 0.06- 0.6- Standard treatment Cumulative Incidence 0.04- 0.4- 0.02- Intensive treatment 0.2- 0.00- 12 18 24 30 36 42 0.0-+ 0 12 18 24 30 36 42 Months since Randomization No. at Risk Standard treatment 4268 4147 4070 4000 3938 3849 3664 1200 Intensive treatment 4243 4174 4109 4039 3970 3867 3694 1234 Figure 3. Cumulative Incidence for the Primary Outcome. The Cox proportional hazard model used to quantify this association is as follows:ln(hazard of the primary outcome at time t) = ltd/10(1)) + O.30x1 with x1 = 1 for \"Intensive Treatment" and O for \"Standard Treatment" 12. What does the function [7100(0) estimate in the above Cox regression model? a. The In(hazard of the primary outcome) over the follow-up period for patients randomized to the \"Standard Treatment" group b. The In(hazard of the primary outcome) at time = O for patients randomized to the \"Standard Treatment" group c. The |n(hazard of the primary outcome comparing patients randomized to the \"Intensive Treatment\" group to patients randomized to the \"Standard Treatment" group at time = O d. The In(hazara' of the primary outcome comparing patients randomized to the \"Intensive Treatment\" group to patients randomized to the \"Standard Treatment"
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