The following scenario contains all the information you need to answer the questions - use what's here, do not include additional analysis from the case or elsewhere

Your company has $10,000,000 in "excess cash" - more than you need to provide a cushion on your balance sheet to protect against risk. Jane, your crack financial analyst, has prepared a set of options for you to consider. They are:

D) Spend the $10,000,000 this year and another $10,000,000 next year on inventing the CPRA product. Jane says you will yield zero incremental after-tax contribution margin the following year, but $2.5m the year after that, $5m the year after that, and $10m per year thereafter until year 15, at which point Jane says it's reasonable to assume that the CPRA product will have been supplanted by other technologies.