The following table shows the Myers-Briggs personality preferences for a random sample of 519 people in the listed professions. T refers to thinking and F refers to feeling.

Personality Type

Occupation | T | F | Row Total

Clergy (all denominations)| 56 | 92 | 148

M.D. | 76 | 83 | 159

Lawyer | 121 | 91 | 212

Column Total | 253 | 266 | 519

Use the chi-square test to determine if the listed occupations and personality preferences are independent at the 0.01 level of significance.

(a) What is the level of significance?

State the null and alternate hypotheses.

• H₀: Myers-Briggs preference and profession are not independent.
• H₁: Myers-Briggs preference and profession are not independent.

• H₀: Myers-Briggs preference and profession are not independent.
• H₁: Myers-Briggs preference and profession are independent.

• H₀: Myers-Briggs preference and profession are independent.
• H₁: Myers-Briggs preference and profession are not independent.

• H₀: Myers-Briggs preference and profession are independent.
• H₁: Myers-Briggs preference and profession are independent.

(b) Find the value of the chi-square statistic for the sample. (Round the expected frequencies to at least three decimal places. Round the test statistic to three decimal places.)

Are all the expected frequencies greater than 5?

• Yes
• No

What sampling distribution will you use?

• Student'st
• normal
• uniform
• chi-square
• binomial

What are the degrees of freedom?

(c) Find or estimate theP-value of the sample test statistic.

• p-value > 0.100
• 0.050 <p-value < 0.100
• 0.025 <p-value < 0.050
• 0.010 <p-value < 0.025
• 0.005 <p-value < 0.010
• p-value < 0.005

(d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis of independence?

• Since theP-value >, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.
• Since theP-value >, we reject the null hypothesis.
• Since theP-value, we reject the null hypothesis.
• Since theP-value, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

(e) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application.

• At the 1% level of significance, there is insufficient evidence to conclude that Myers-Briggs preference and the profession are not independent.
• At the 1% level of significance, there is sufficient evidence to conclude that Myers-Briggs preference and the profession are not independent.