The gender pay gap remains a significant problem in Australian academia.

The following table shows the monthly underpayment in a random sample of university academics of different gender in Australia (n= 192

). Use the table to answer the questions which follow.

	Gender of Academics
Monthly Underpayment (AUD)	Men	Women	Non-Binary	Total
$300-750	15	36	40	91
>$750	21	34	46	101
Total	36	70	86	192

Research Question: "Does the monthly underpayment of academic salaries depend on gender?"

A researcher sets up the null and alternative hypotheses to answer the research question.

0:

There is no association between the monthly underpayment of academic salaries and gender.

1:

There is an association between the monthly underpayment of academic salaries and gender.

(1 mark) What is the expected value for the academics who identified themselves as men and are in the $300-750AUD monthly underpayment category? Answer (3dp)

(4 marks) The absolute value of the test statistic is equal to Answer (3dp)

(1 mark) The degrees of freedom is equal to Answer (Integer)

(1 mark) The p-value is smaller than 0.05 ?

(2 marks) Our conclusion is that ?

A. There is no association between the monthly underpayment of academic salaries and gender.

B. There is an association between the monthly underpayment of academic salaries and gender.

Another social researcher proposes that career interruptions may explain differences between the salaries of different genders.

Therefore, s/he randomly collects a sample of 35 academics across Australia, 19 of them have had career interruptions.

1. (3 marks) Calculate a 95% confidence interval to estimate the proportion of academics in Australia who have had interruptions during their careers.

The Absolute Value of the critical value for this 95% CI is Answer (3dp)

Lower bound = Answer (3dp)

Upper bound = Answer (3dp)