The gray code is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only one bit.

Given a non-negative integer n representing the total number of bits in the code, print the sequence of gray code. A gray code sequence must begin with 0.

For example, given n = 2, return [0,1,3,2]. Its gray code sequence is:

00 - 0

01 - 1

11 - 3

10 - 2

There might be multiple gray code sequences possible for a given n.

Return any such sequence.

if Python code for above passes all test cases, not copied, explanation for below is given , optimized code is given ( please don't answer otherwise unhelpful )

1. What will be the output of the following Python code?

print("Hello {name1} and {name2}".format(name1='foo', name2='bin'))

a) Hello foo and bin

b) Hello {name1} and {name2}

c) Error

d) Hello and

2. What will be the output of the following Python code?

print("Hello {0!r} and {0!s}".format('foo', 'bin'))

a) Hello foo and foo

b) Hello 'foo' and foo

c) Hello foo and 'bin'

d) Error

3. What will be the output of the following Python code?

print("Hello {0} and {1}".format(('foo', 'bin')))

a) Hello foo and bin

b) Hello ('foo', 'bin') and ('foo', 'bin')

c) Error

d) None of the mentioned

4. What will be the output of the following Python code?

print("Hello {0[0]} and {0[1]}".format(('foo', 'bin')))

a) Hello foo and bin

b) Hello ('foo', 'bin') and ('foo', 'bin')

c) Error

d) None of the mentioned

5. What will be the output of the following Python code snippet?

print('The sum of {0} and {1} is {2}'.format(2, 10, 12))

a) The sum of 2 and 10 is 12

b) Error

c) The sum of 0 and 1 is 2

d) None of the mentioned

6. What will be the output of the following Python code snippet?

print('The sum of {0:b} and {1:x} is {2:o}'.format(2, 10, 12))

a) The sum of 2 and 10 is 12

b) The sum of 10 and a is 14

c) The sum of 10 and a is c

d) Error

7. What will be the output of the following Python code snippet?

print('{:,}'.format(1112223334))

a) 1,112,223,334

b) 111,222,333,4

c) 1112223334

d) Error

8. What will be the output of the following Python code snippet?

print('{:,}'.format('1112223334'))

a) 1,112,223,334

b) 111,222,333,4

c) 1112223334

d) Error

9. What will be the output of the following Python code snippet?

print('{:$}'.format(1112223334))

a) 1,112,223,334

b) 111,222,333,4

c) 1112223334

d) Error

10. What will be the output of the following Python code snippet?

print('{:#}'.format(1112223334))

a) 1,112,223,334

b) 111,222,333,4

c) 1112223334

d) Error