The Hawk-Eye electronic system is used in tennis for displaying an instant replay that shows whether a ball is in bounds or out of bounds so players can challenge calls made by referees.

1. In a recent US Open, singles players made 611 challenges and 172 of them were successful with the call overturned. Test the claim that fewer than one in four challenge is successful? What can you conclude? What error might we have made?

2. In the US Open, since 2006, men challenged 1412 referee calls, with 421 overturned. Women challenged 759 calls with 220 overturned. Test the claim that men and women have equal success in challenging calls. What can you conclude? What error might we have made? Explain.

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