The Heinrich Tire Company recalled a tire in its subcompact line in December 2024. Costs associated with the recall were originally thought to approximate $38 million. Now, though, while management feels it is probable the company will incur substantial costs, all discussions indicate that $38 million is an excessive amount. Based on prior recalls in the industry, management has provided the following probability distribution for the potential loss:

Note: Use tables, Excel, or a financial calculator. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1)

Loss AmountProbability$ 28million20%$ 18million50%$ 8million30%

An arrangement with a consortium of distributors requires that all recall costs be settled at the end of 2025. The risk-free rate of interest is 5%.

Required:

1. & 2. By the traditional approach to measuring loss contingencies, what amount would Heinrich record at the end of 2024 for the loss and contingent liability? For the remainder of this problem, apply the expected cash flow approach of SFAC No. 7. Estimate Heinrichs liability at the end of the 2024 fiscal year.

3. to 5. Prepare the necessary journal entries.