The humerus, which is the upper arm bone between the elbow and the shoulder joint, can be approximated as a 33-cm-long hollow cylinder with outer radius 1.05 cm and inner radius 0.43 cm. Suppose a gymnast whose arm bone has these dimensions does a one-arm handstand. Excluding the arm, the mass of the gymnast is 64 kg. If needed, use the value 1.410101.41010 N/m22 for Young's modulus.

(a) What is the effective surface area of bone over which the weight acts?

(b) What is the compressional strain of the humerus?

(c) By how much is the humerus compressed?