The Kalamazoo Zoo It was a cold drizzly morning in early March 2010 when Rory Lyons, the director of the Kalamazoo Zoo, received the zoo's financial information for the year ending December 31, 2009. The situation was quite different from what Rory had expected. As he folded his umbrella, he wondered whether the strange weather patterns were responsible for the big variances in the budget. It had indeed been a peculiar year, weather-wise, in Kalamazoo. The winter had been the wettest on record, while the spring and summer had been unusually warm and balmy. The winter storms had forced the zoo to close for more days than originally planned. But the frisky spring weather had produced an unexpected success in the animal-breeding program. Kalamazoo, a city in the state of Michigan, was facing a tough economic environment. This year, the zoo itself had received more state aid than expected, largely due to a renovation grant for its facilities. However, the overall budget situation was difficult. The state was reducing the amount of local aid it provided to the cities, forcing the city of Kalamazoo to reconsider many of its popular recreation activities. The Mayor had just called an emergency meeting to discuss the city's financial situation. Rory was asked to give a detailed presentation on the zoo's financial health and to present a preliminary budget for the next financial year. Table 1: All Figures in $ KALAMAZOO ZOO Financial Statement 2009 Revenues: ACTUAL BUDGETED Gate Ticket Revenue from visitors License Revenue from the food court 100,000 120,000 100,000 100,000 Donations from individuals 50,000 100,000 Grants for the Tiger Conservation Project* 180,000 150,000 Grants for the Rhino Conservation Project* 100,000 100,000 Grants for the Yellow-billed Cuckoo Conservation Project* 120,000 100,000 Subsidies from the state government 200,000 150,000 * Funds received directly from Federal government Total Revenues 850,000 820,000 Expenditures: Salary of Zoo Director 80,000 80,000 Salaries for Assistant Zoo Keepers (2 total) 100,000 100,000 Wages and Salary for Animal Handlers 100,000 100,000 Security, Office and Support staff Wages 50,000 50,000 Fringe Benefits cost for employees (health insurance, etc.) 130,000 130,000 Food and Provision costs for animals 360,000 240,000 Overtime costs 100,000 40,000 Utilities Transportation and facilities for visitors Total Expenditures 50,000 30,000 100,000 50,000 1,070,000 820,000