The Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS) survey reports that the mean number of municipal police per 1,000 local residents in U.S. cities with populations of 100,000 or more was 1.99 (s = .84). Use this information to answer questions 12 through 15.

12. One department had 2.46 police per 1,000 residents.

a. Convert this raw score to a z score.

b. Find the area between the mean and z.

c. Find the area in the tail of the distribution beyond z.

14. One department had 1.51 police per 1,000 residents.

a. Convert this raw score to a z score.

b. Find the area between the mean and z

c. Find the area in the tail of the distribution beyond z.

16. What z scores fall into the upper .15 of the distribution?

18. What z scores fall into the lower .02 of the distribution?

20. What z scores fall into the lower .015 of the distribution?