The Leadership Pilot Study

A large company hascommissioned an organisational psychologist to 'upskill' their managers via leadership training. The psychologist conducts a pilot study first, to identify which type of leadership training will be best suited to that workplace before a wide scale roll-out: a) industry standard leadership training; b) training that focuses on building leader communication skills, or; c) training that focuses on building the empathy of leaders. She randomly allocates a small subset of managers to one of the three and then runs them through a brief example training session. One week later, after they've had a chance to implement some of the strategies in the sample training, the psychologist polls members of those teams for an approval rating of their respective manager (from 0 to 100, with a higher 'Approval' score indicating that the staff overall feel positively toward their leader). She enters the data into SPSS for analysis.

Question:From the output below, what can you conclude about effect size in the organisational psychologist's pilot study?

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable: Approval Type Ill Sum Partial Eta Noncent. Observed Source of Squares df Mean Square F Sig Squared Parameter Power Corrected Model 3.944a 2 1.972 .116 891 002 .232 067 Intercept 435276.800 435276.800 25567.178 000 .994 25567.178 1.000 GROUP 3.944 2 1.972 .116 891 002 232 067 Error 2502.650 147 17.025 Total 437857.000 150 Corrected Total 2506.593 149 a. R Squared = .002 (Adjusted R Squared = -.012) b. Computed using alpha = .05