The low interest rates of the early 2000s resulted from a complex interplay between Federal Reserve policy and a global savings glut. While the Federal Reserve's accommodative monetary policy played a role, the influx of savings from emerging economies contributed significantly to the low-rate environment. The Federal Reserve, under the leadership of Alan Greenspan, pursued a policy of gradually lowering interest rates in the early 2000s to stimulate the economy following the bursting of the dot-com bubble and the 9/11 terrorist attacks. The Fed aimed to encourage borrowing, investment, and consumer spending by keeping rates low. At the same time, the global economy was experiencing a surge in savings, particularly from rapidly growing economies like China and other emerging markets. This "global savings glut" created a significant pool of capital that sought safe and liquid investments, putting downward pressure on long-term interest rates around the world. The combination of Federal Reserve policy and the global savings glut created a perfect storm that drove interest rates to historically low levels, fueling a housing boom and a period of economic growth. Understanding the complex factors that contributed to this low-rate environment is crucial for policymakers and investors to navigate future economic challenges