The octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) is a property thatis widely used in models to assess transport, fate, andexposure/toxicity of chemicals of concern. However, there issignificant variability among reported Kow values for manycompounds of concern. For answering the following questions, pleasecite tour text and indicate all the references at the end yourtext. You need to use reliable references such as journal articlesand course materials to support your answer.

a) What are the reasons for the variability in reported valuesof Kow?

b) What are the models that are dependent on Kow? Provideexamples.

c) What are the implications of variation of Kow to calculatetransport, fate, and exposure/toxicity of chemicals of concern? Usea case study to clearly demonstrate implications of variability ofKow.