Question
The Peoples' Republic of Causta is a large state with a history of political upheaval. It is particularly anxious about national integrity due to a
The Peoples' Republic of Causta is a large state with a history of political upheaval. It is particularly anxious about national integrity due to a recent surge in activity of several rebel groups within the country that have threatened to bring down the government.
Neighbouring Causta to the south is Acidia. Acidia is widely considered to be 'a failed state'. As a result of crippling drought stretching across a decade the economy of Acidia has collapsed, and so too has the Acidian government. Apart from the capital of Acidia, where remnants of the government maintain some semblance of order, much of the country is without any effective administration. A tribal group known as Sulphuria has stepped into this vacuum of authority. Sulphuria blames Causta for worsening the drought conditions in Acidia by damming the river Litmus that runs from the mountains of Causta into the plains in Acidia. In February 2021, Sulphuria launched an attack on the dam in Causta, resulting in the release of several gigalitres of water which destroyed a village in Causta and killed hundreds of people. Causta responded to the dam attack by deploying special military forces to the capital of Acidia. These forces located and assassinated a Sulphuria tribal leader while he was meeting with Acidian government officials in the capital.
Neighbouring Causta to the north is Basta. Basta is heavily dependent on its fishing industry to supply protein to feed its population. Basta's fishing grounds are becoming less productive and Basta fishers are moving south, into Caustan waters. Causta has responded to this by sending a frigate and aircraft carrier to the Bastan coast. The vessels carried out manoeuvres in the territorial sea along the length of the coast, laid mines near several Bastan fishing ports, and also sank a Bastan coast guard vessel.
Dissocia, an ally of Basta, steps in to defend Basta against what it describes as 'wanton acts of aggression' by Caustia. Dissocia announces that it will (a) deploy naval vessels to defend the Bastan coast, (b) provide funding to rebel groups inside Caustia, and (c) will also provide provide weapons and logistical support to Sulphuria to support its 'armed resistance to Caustan aggression.'
Discuss the questions of international law raised by this scenario.
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