The police came to suspect that John was growing marijuana in his home. Indoor marijuana growth typically requires the use of high-intensity lamps. One morning, the police parked outside of John's home armed with a thermal-imaging device.A thermal-imaging device can detect relative amounts of infrared radiation.

The imager converted the radiation from the home into images based on relative degrees of warmth. The agents' scan of his home took only a few minutes. It showed that the roof over the garage and a sidewall of Johns home were hot compared to the rest of the home. In addition, his home was substantially warmer than neighboring homes.

Based on the scan, the police concluded that Johnson was using high-intensity lamps to grow marijuana in his home. The police then received a search warrant to search the house. The police found more than 100 marijuana plants inside. John was charged with manufacturing marijuana.

1. Was Defendant's Fourth Amendment rights violated? Go through steps.

Reasonable expectation of privacy - look at the officer's conduct

2. What about the warrant - does that change anything?

Next: On November 2, New York received 20 inches of snow. Police were driving through a neighborhood and noticed one particular house which had absolutely no snow on the roof. The rest of the house in the neighborhood each had 20 inches of snow. The police received a warrant based on probably cause. Upon searching the house, police found that Fred was growing marijuana.

1. Were Defendant's Fourth Amendment rights violated? Go through steps.

Reasonable expectation of privacy - look at the officer's conduct

2. What about the warrant - does that change anything?