The police investigate Eric in connection with a double homicide. Prior to Eric's trial, the police use an unnecessarily suggestive police procedurea poorly designed lineupto get a witness to identify Eric as the killer.

Under which circumstances will the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment compel the exclusion of this identification evidence?

a. If there is a very substantial likelihood of irreparable misidentification

b. If a judge was not present for the lineup procedure that identified Eric as the killer

c. None of the answer choices are correct

d. If the police acted improperly when they constructed the lineup