The pretax financial income (or loss) figures for Vaughn Company are as follows.

2012		$155,000
2013		237,000
2014		81,000
2015		(155,000	)
2016		(418,000	)
2017		111,000
2018		95,000

Pretax financial income (or loss) and taxable income (loss) were the same for all years involved. Assume a 45% tax rate for 2012 and 2013 and a 40% tax rate for the remaining years. Prepare the journal entries for the years 2014 to 2018 to record income tax expense and the effects of the net operating loss carrybacks and carryforwards assuming Vaughn Company uses the carryback provision. All income and losses relate to normal operations. (In recording the benefits of a loss carryforward, assume that no valuation account is deemed necessary.)

Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit 2014 Income Tax Expense Income Tax Payable (To record income tax expense.) 2015 Income Tax Refund Receivable Benefit Due to Loss Carryback