The process of drawing water into a pump, often from a water source like a river, pond, or open body of water, is known as "drafting water" or "priming a pump." Several fundamental principles of physics are involved in this process: Atmospheric Pressure: At sea level, the atmosphere exerts a pressure of about 14.7 pounds per square inch (psi) or 101.3 kilopascals (kPa) on the Earth's surface. This atmospheric pressure plays a crucial role in allowing pumps to draw water. Pressure Difference: Pumps operate by creating a pressure difference between the inlet (suction side) and outlet (discharge side) of the pump. To start the process, the pressure at the suction side of the pump must be lower than the pressure at the water source. Vacuum: Achieving a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure is typically done by creating a partial vacuum at the suction side of the pump. A vacuum is a region of lower pressure than its surroundings. This lower pressure zone encourages water to flow into the pump. Priming: Priming the pump involves removing air from the pump and the suction line. This is essential because air in the pump can disrupt the vacuum and hinder water flow. Priming