The R&D amortization expense (included in Other Operating Expenses) for 2016 and 2017 are calculated as follows: Year 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 Total R&D Proportion Outlay Amortized 12/31/16 5,472 5,172 5,082 4,667 4,605 Expense 12/31/16 Proportion Amortized 12/31/17 Expense 12/31/17