The researchers would like to know if people's education level affects the amount of decline in executive function as they age. For this analysis, education level (Educ) is categorized into three levels and the change in executive function (EFChange) has been calculated by subtracting the EF score at the first testing session from the EF score at the second testing session.

Use the EFChange and Educ data to perform a one-way ANOVA with ? = .05 to answer the following question:

Reference Data

SPSS Input and codes

Descriptive Statistics N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Change in executive 50 -16.96 15.15 -1.7218 6.47625 function from 1 st test session to 2nd test session Valid N (listwise) 50Tests of Homogeneity of Variances Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. Change in executive Based on Mean .799 2 47 456 function from 1 st test Based on Median 845 2 47 .436 session to 2nd test session Based on Median and with .845 2 44.346 .436 adjusted df Based on trimmed mean 845 2 47 .436ANOVA Effect Sizesab 95% Confidence Interval Point Estimate Lower Upper Change in executive Eta-squared 012 000 096 function from 1 st test Epsilon-squared -.030 -.043 session to 2nd test 058 session Omega-squared Fixed- -.029 -.042 057 effect Omega-squared Random- -.014 -.020 029 effect a. Eta-squared and Epsilon-squared are estimated based on the fixed-effect model. b. Negative but less biased estimates are retained, not rounded to zero.ANOVA Change in executive function from 1st test session to 2nd test session Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 25.031 2 12.516 290 .750 Within Groups 2030.119 47 43.194 Total 2055.150 49\f\fName Type Width Decimals Label Values Missing Columns Align Measure Role SubID Numeric 3 None None 12 Right Scale Input 2 Gender Numeric 2 0 Gender [1, Female)... None 12 Right Nominal Input 3 Educ Numeric 2 0 Education (1, High sch... None 12 Right Nominal Input 4 Age Numeric Age at 1st test ... None None 12 Right Scale Input 5 EFChange Numeric 6 2 Change in exe... None None 12 Right Scale Input 6 MemChange Numeric 34 2 Change in me... None None 12 Right Scale Input