The story in the text and discussed in class of the CFO who used shareholder money on a project that had a very small chance of returning a large sum and a very large chance of returning zero was used to illustrate what course concept?

1. a.That the capital asset pricing model does not hold in the real world
2. b.That firms with financial leverage can better boost EPS
3. c.That dividends do not necessarily need to be paid, even for profitable companies
4. d.That the risk of a project can change when it is combined with other projects
5. e.That despite the teaching of modern portfolio theory, most investors choose to hold one stock portfolios