The theory states that expectations for the future can have a major impact on an individual's motivation. It means that conscious choices from the options given can boost pleasure and decrease pain. The factors that influence motivation are: Expectancy: It implies that Increased efforts bring success. It means if you work hard, you will get better outcomes. Instrumentality: Getting incentives or rewards if you meet performance expectations. Valence: It refers to how an employee gives importance to the expected results. Rewrite this but keep the same meaning