The Treasury bill rate is 7%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 11%. According to the capital asset pricing model:

a. What is the risk premium on the market?

b. What is the required return on an investment with a beta of 1.6? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 1 decimal place.)

c. If an investment with a beta of 0.8 offers an expected return of 8.1%, does it have a positive or negative NPV?

d. If the market expects a return of 11.6% from stock X, what is its beta? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)