The trust created on Ramon's death is a testamentary trust-graduated rate estate and, as such, it can take advantage of the progressive income tax rates that apply to individuals. Since all the beneficiaries are taxed at the maximum rate, in order to minimize the income tax payable, the trust should have an income of at least $216,511 (in 2021), the threshold for reaching the maximum rate of 33%, so as to take advantage of the progressive rates on that amount