The unethical research practice known as $"$p$-$hacking" consists of

combing through data until a statistically significant result is found and then developing a post hoc $($after the fact$)$ explanation for the finding.

fabricating fictitious data results that predispose readers to a specific interpretation of the findings.

making incomplete, private data results public before they are finalized, resulting in public misinformation.

using phishing technology to steal someone else's research data.