Theoretical reasons for having audits of financial statements

Types of audits $-$ know the definitions $($ex: F$/$S audits, operational audits, compliance audits$)$

Be able to recognize what is included in a standard auditor's report, including body of report, title, date $($which date do we use? what does this date represent?$),$ signature $($who signs the audit report?$),$ etc.

Know the AICPA Principles underlying an audit $($in particular, each of the ethical principles$).$

Vouching and tracing $-$ know the difference between these $2$ concepts $($direction of testing is important for the existence and completeness management assertions$)$

Methods used to test controls and test transactions and balances $($we called these "types of evidence;" also called "audit procedures"$)$; when given an example of a specific procedure, be able to identify the type of evidence being used

Be able to identify the audit objective that is being testing with a particular $($given$)$ audit test.

When is it appropriate to perform tests of controls? When is it OK not to test controls?