This is a lab report given to me by Brooklyn College in my Physics 2100 class. I really need help and I would greatly appreciate it if someone may complete it to the best of their ability and answer every question, so that I may study it right after. There are six pages and they contain all relevant information. Thank you!

Lab on the Series RL, RC and RLC Circuits and Resonance Purpose: 1. To measure the value of a capacitor C and Inductor L using a series RC & RL circuits, in series with a sinusoidal voltage source. 2. To study the phase relationships between Voltage and Current for R, L and C. 3. To measure the resonance frequency of a series RLC circuit and compare with the theoretical value. Introduction This online lab exercise will allow you to simulate the time dependence of the current in a series RL circuit, a series RC circuit and finally a series RLC circuit, in each case driven by an alternating voltage source, using the online circuitr building tool at www.falstad.com[circuit. Vou will be able to view the time dependence of the voltage and current (and their phase relationship) for all 3 components in the circuit. The simulator also allowsyou to change the values of R (resistance), C (capacitance), and L (inductance) and observe resulting changes in the resonant frequency of the series RLC circuit. Software This lab runs in any web browser. Google Chome is recommended. It can be run online or downloaded for offline viewing. The web address is: www.falstad.com[circuit You can download an offline version asfollows: Mac: http:[zfalstad.com[circuithircuitJSldmg MS Windows: httpfalstad.com[circuitZCircuit'sllip Downloading the program allows it to work faster and you may encounter fewer delays caused by network speed. If you do not want to download it, you can work online on the website. Whether running online or offline, the actual procedure of conducting the simulation and analysis is the same. Running the experiment (the data sheet is on page 6) Open the program: circuitjslexe (Or circuitjsl.dmg for mac, Or use the online version). Part 1, Measuring C in a series RC circuit 1) Click \"Circuits\" in the top menu and click lA/C circuits', then select lCapracitor'. 2) Let's setthe capacitor value, C = 2 \"F. To do this, move the mouse over the capacitor till its color becomes light blue, then right click it and edit and put the value as 2 micro Farads, i.e. type 2u (and it already knows that the unit is F:Farad) and click 'applY then click 'OK'. Now, let's set the resistance value, R = 200 Ohms. To do this, move the mouse over the Resistor till its color becomes light blue, then right click it and edit and put the value as 200 (and it already knows that the unit is Q) and click apply then click OK. Brooklyn College 1 Finall the F y, let's set up an AC voltage source with amplitude 1 Volt and frequency 200 Hz, as follows: Move the mouse over unctiori Generator [the A/C voltage source), till its color becomes light blue, then right click it and change the value of Max Voltage to 1 (and it already knows that the unit is v: Volts). Keep the type oithe wave iorm as is (A/C), and put the v alue of the frequency as 200 (and it already knows thatthe unit is Hz: Hertz). Keep the Phase offset (degrees) as is (the default of zero), and then click 'apply' then click 'OK'. 3) Let's set up the way in which the waveforms are displayed at the bottom ofthe screen (the \"Dock). In the graph area, at the bottom, click the gear icon (or right click in that area), and in 'Horizontal scale', setthe scroll speedto 2 ms/div (using the arrow), then click 'apply' and then 'OK'. 4) To view the properties of the resistor, voltage source and capacitor: move the mouse overthe resistor until its color becomes light blue, then right click it and edit and select view in scope. Do the same for the function generator (the A/C voltage source). The scope forthe capacitor voltage is already available at the bottom (1\" graph on left of the Dock). lfyou have deleted by accident, view it in the scope as well by doing the same procedure as forthe resistor and function generator. Make the Simulation speed medium, in the upper right corner, then click Run/Stop, and after about 4 cycles, click the Run/Stop again to stop the running. 5) Move the mouse to: Wee From the graph ofthe capacitor output in order to find the value ofthe voltage (green curve) at a peak (say the second peak), and also record the time at that peak, m. Note that if you wa nt to increase the number of decimal places in the time reading you can decrease the scroll speed per division in the properties of each graph (this makes the time scale more sensitive). the resistor graph to do the same thing, i.e. find the peakvalue of the voltage (green curve) across the resistor, and the time at that peak, tvy. Make sure that you examine the same peak for the capacitor and the resistor. In other words, if you are looking the Z\"d set of peaks for the capacitor, you must also look at the 2"d peak forthe resistor. This is so that you can compare times within the same cycle. xpectthat c = mxiwhere a) = erf,f is thefrequency, in this proceduref = 200 Hz. hm not? the above formula, calculate the \"observed" value of capacitance, C and compare it with the capacitance that you set, which was 2 (AF. Eroo mm. Figure 1: Example RC circuit (top) With an AC voltage source Graphs of the voltage across, and current through, the three components in the circuit are shown in the \"Dock" below the circuit diagram. klyn College 2 6) Calculate the difference in the times you recorded in step 5 above for the peaks of Va and Vc: At = rm? [vc Using this time, find the phase difference (phase angle) between Va and V: by using the equation: Ad) = mm: = ZIrfAt, & compare the value of Ad) tothe value of Ir/Z. Are they approximately equal? You should find that, for the resistorthe voltage curve and the current curve are in phase (Le. 0 phase difference) and so you cannot \"see\" the voltage and current curves separately, as they overlap perfectly. But In = VR/R, so In should be of different magnitude to Va. The simulator plots Va and In on top of each other which is probably a problem that sometimes occurs with the simulator. It is true that they are in phase, but they have different values. If you want to see In, right click the graph of R and select properties and uncheck show voltage and leave show current checked. 7) Now repeat the above steps with a different AC power source frequency: 400 Hz. Part 2, Measuring L in a series RL circuit 1) You will now repeat the procedures of part 1, outwith an inductor. Vou can delete the capacitor (right click 81 delete) and replace it by an inductor: click 'Drdw' in the top menu and select 'Passive components'and select \"Add inductor'. Place it in the place of the capacitor. Right click the Source and select view it in scope. You may prefer to use an alternate way (choose the way you prefer) to build the circuit as to start from the beginning: Open the program, Click 'Circuits'and click 'A/C cfrcuits'and select \"inductor (instead of capacitor). Set up a 0.1 Henry inductor by changing the value ofthe inductor to 0.1 (and it already knows that it is in H: Hennf). The resistor can be 200 Ohms, as before. The power source should also have the same maximum voltage (1 Volt) & frequency (200 Hz) as before. As in step 3 of part 1, set the scroll speed to 2 ms/div. Also, View resistor, R (200 Q) in scope. As we saw in exp. 8, a real coil would have internal resistance, TL. Click 'Draw' and choose lSelect/Drag Sel' and the drag the lower terminal of L to make room for inserting, TL. Click 'Draw' and lAdd Resistor' and insert TL as shown in Fig. 2. Edit the value of n to 20 (unit already known as ohms). Add wires as shown to prepare for adding a lvoltmeter/scope'. Click 'Draw' and select '0 utputs and Labels' and choose lAdd voltmeter/ scope probe'. Note polarity. Move the mouse to the voltmeter until its color becomes light blue, then right click it and select 'View in new Scope'. This will add a 3'd graph (on the far right) for the voltage and current ofthe real coil [h , ' ' ' glajmmv Emilia\" (L combined with TL). Note that in a real lab circuit, we cannot measure the voltage across the ideal inductor, L, (the first graph on the left), since, as we mentioned in exp. 8, we cannot physically isolate L from TL. Add a box as shown in fig. 2, around L and n from 'Draw' and 'Outputs and labels'. Finally, set the Simulation speed to medium. Figure 2: Circuit for series resistor & real coil Click 'Run/Stop' to simulate, and click 'Run/Stop' again after about 3 or 4 cycles. Observe the maximum in the voltage across the inductor, I/Hmmx (3rd graph) and, again, the maximum in the voltage across the resistor, Vlem. L+rL mm); V To \"find\" L, we can use the theoretical equation (mL)2 = (R x n2 . Compare yourfinding with the value my.\" that you set (0.1 H). Derive this eqn. Hint: Using ohm's law find VL+rL,mnx & Vnymx, divide 81 cancel the current then solve for (um)? Brooklyn College 3 2) /\\s in Part 1, iind the phase angle (phase difference), AQS between the voltage ofthe real coil (L combined with TL) and the voltage of the resistor by noting the time at which corresponding peaks in each signal occur. This time is, At = EV'R tV,L+rL- Should we expect the value of A to begor 0