This is Auditing Assignment. Please give me detailed explanation for each request from a to f. For part a) relates the last 5 pictures. Thank you so so much for your help!

Western Energy Recovery Limited

Case Notes

You are an audit manager in the Calgary offices of Rowlands, Marcellin, and Khan, LLP. Since you specialize in the oil sector, you have heard of Western Energy Recovery Ltd (WER), but, as it is a private company, you have not had any solid information about WER. Today, you are meeting with Elaine To, CFO, and Darrell Haines, CEO. Darrell Haines is tall and broad shouldered, made taller by his western-style boots. The offices of WER are simply, yet tastefully, furnished in wood panelling and pictures of the trains so important in the history of the Canadian west. Nice to meet you, says Darrell, Maybe we can start with a little about me so you know where Im coming from. When I was seventeen, I was a top hockey player in major junior with Swift Current. A bad fall into the boards ended my NHL dream. In truth, though, a lot of guys who I thought were much better players never made it either, so, really, my dream was just an illusion. The timing turned out to be perfect. I went home to Olds, concentrated on school, got my diploma, then a chemical engineering degree out of Lethbridge where I got on the honour roll for the first time in my life. I had a couple of jobs in the oil patch while paying for school, and joined full time after graduation. But I got lured by the dot-com boom in the nineties, did my MBA at UofT and went into the venture capital business. The v-cap business in Toronto is all about software, web services, and pharmaceuticals. Anything else is radioactive. Trust me. I tried, but there was no interest in the extractive or manufacturing parts of the economy. Everything was fast in and fast out. The 2008 real estate collapse made the firm go nova. A few of us decided to go out on our own but I insisted on looking at a wider selection of targets. I convinced one of the senior players to buy into some small players in the oil and gas sector. In 2011 we were riding high on record oil prices. Shale oil was still coming onstream and we were players there too so we thought we were protected. I did a lot of travelling throughout Alberta getting to know all the players. In 2014, prices tanked. The lead partner wanted out and we worked out a deal where I took ownership, and he had debt convertible to a 20% equity stake. He hasnt converted yet. In 2018, we bought a small producer, Fields Oil Company. We bought the assets and liabilities and left the company shell for the old owner. After the merger, as is common, we let most everyone go except those we needed to keep the bills paid. Elaine was accounting manager there. I quickly came to rely on her and in 2019 made her our companys first CFO. So what do we do? We buy old oil fields and old producers. You know about the orphan well problem in Alberta? We target those. In a lot of cases, the wells do not produce enough to carry a high corporate overhead, but still produce. The hole is drilled, the pump is in place, the pipe is connected to the system, so all of the capital expenditure is done. All that is left is maintenance. And do not underestimate maintenance. Most of these older wells leak gas like a sieve. When we take them over, we immediately upgrade everything. Rather than let the gas leak or get burned off, we recover it. People dont realize that there is no such thing as an oil well. They are always oil and gas wells. You cannot have one without the other. Everything gets inspected at least once per year. We connect a system to each well to compress any gas into an onsite tank. Since most oil derricks already have electricity, it costs very little to add a compressor. Then, we monitor the tank. Right now, we job out the collection of gas from the tank if there is no connection to gas lines, but we are looking at having our own fleet of tankers to do the collection and also inspect and service the well head at every visit. And that brings us to the costs of decommissioning. Often, we buy these sites virtually for free. Capping the well essentially pouring concrete down the bore hole and removing the equipment is about $100,000 depending on how remote the site is. Cleaning up the ground is the big one. At a minimum, it is $150,000, and it can go into the millions. Every producer pays into an Orphan Well Fund, because some companies just abandon the wells and declare bankruptcy rather than do what our moms taught us and clean up after ourselves. The equipment is usually fully depreciated when we buy the wells. So all we are doing is buying the production license, less cost to clean up, and we have a revenue generating asset. Elaine will walk you through the accounting. Thank you, Darrell, says Elaine. When we buy an oil well, we set up the production asset at fair market value, and the offsetting liability for the decommissioning costs. We retire the debt by paying into a trust fund based on the expected date of last production, discounted at 6%. The initial refurbish extends the life of the asset. We capitalize that as a leasehold improvement, depreciated at five percent double-declining. After that, maintenance is expensed. We track each well using standardized oil and gas prices to estimate the date of last profitable production. In 2020, we bought a dormant listing on the TSX, TAL Software. Our lawyers are going through the process of merging the two companies, after which we will rename the listing to WER. We will then raise more money for more wells through a secondary offering. It also allows the debt-holder to liquidate their investment. We expect them to convert the debt and hold the shares when we go public and that would be a huge increase in equity. We have never had an audit before and, obviously, before we file a prospectus for the secondary offering, we need one. Except for the convertible debt, Darrell owns everything. After we go public senior employees will be paid in share options as well as salary. That should allow us to attract and retain talent. Darrell cant be out in the oil fields and run the company all by himself.

You are being asked to complete part of the checklist for the knowledge of a clients business, as you would do for any new client of your audit firm. It is expected that you will study at least two competitors.

The case is Western Energy Recovery, a fictional company. Case notes and the Excel spreadsheet containing the financials is posted on BlackBoard.

Required

a) (10 marks) Fill out the client acceptance checklist. This will require you to do research on the clients industry. You may wish to contact the library if you need help with research. Feel free to expand the Knowledge of Industry section to have enough room to give the results of your research.

Significant weight is assigned to the Economic Analysis and Knowledge of Industry sections.

b) (8 marks) Perform a preliminary analysis of the financial information, meaning booth vertical and horizontal analysis.

c) (6 marks) Write a few sentences expanding on the needs of the key users of these financial statements.

d) (2 marks) What type of engagement would you recommend?

e) (4 marks) Calculate materiality based on the information youve been given and justify your calculation.

f) (8 marks) Identify four areas of inherent risk that might affect your audit planning. Would you say these are high risks or low?

g) (2 marks) Would you recommend RMK accept this assignment?

Western Energy Recovery Limited Income Statement For the year ending December 31 2020 (Projected) 2020 (Unaudited) 2019 (Unudited) 2018 (Unudited) $ Sales less royalties Cost of production Gross Margin 53,593,680 $ 4,843,801 48,749,879 $ 23,925,750 $ 4,800,086 19,125,664 $ 25,520,800 $ 4,320,737 21,200,063 $ 21,692,680 2,937,485 18,755,195 $ Amortization of oil properties Production maintenance Decommissioning expense Income from Production 17,653,032 3,200,644 5,497,485 22,398,718 ($ 14,593,032 3,151,130 9,162,475 7,780,973) $ 9,493,032 2,137,189 5,497,485 4,072,357 $ 6,433,032 1,386,565 1,832,495 9,103,103 $ Administrative and other Earnings before interest and taxes 390,451 22,008,267 ($ 377,092 8,158,065) $ 353,121 3,719,236 $ 346,758 8,756,345 $ Interest expense Net income before taxes $ $ 12,100,000 $ 10,700,000 $ 9,908,267 ($ 18,858,065) $ 3,700,000 $ 19,236 $ 3,000,000 5,756,345 Tax expense Net income $ $ 4,260,555 ($ 8,108,968) $ 5,647,712 ($ 10,749,097) $ 8,271 $ 10,965 $ 2,475,228 3,281,117 4 Sales revenue net of royalty payable to Alberta government Western Energy Recovery Limited Balance Sheet As at December 31 2018P (Unaudited) 2017 (Unaudited) 2016 (Unudited) 2015 (Unudited) $ ASSETS Cash and equivalents Accounts receivable, net Taxes recoverable Inventory Total current assets 4,646,092 $ 4,344,717 5,442,405 3,667,045 18,100,259 $ 7,508,418 $ 3,466,257 9,702,960 4,331,603 25,009,238 $ 8,386,214 $ 3,327,388 1,593,992 3,499,928 17,307,522 $ 48,728,664 2,929,984 1,602,263 2,677,549 55,938,460 $ Land leases Leasehold improvements Production equipment Office equipment Total fixed assets $ 8,467,387 $ 7,349,644 $ 5,171,901 $ 3,894,158 184,552,653 157,727,819 104,027,985 72,203,151 113,779,753 97,875,362 65,845,971 46,941,580 103,152 102,035 101,038 100,148 $ 306,902,945 $ 263,054,860 $ 175,146,895 $ 123,139,037 Equity investments TOTAL ASSETS $ 2,000,000 $ 2,000,000 $ $ $ 327,003,204 $ 290,064,098 $ 192,454,417 $ 179,077,497 $ LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Accounts payable Royalties payable Taxes payable Current portion of decommissioning Total current liabilities 685,727 $ 1,846,527 691,972 $ 4,023,065 4,260,555 638,113 9,613,705 $ 517,248 $ 2,211,102 8,271 499,330 3,335,951 $ 419,641 1,587,151 2,475,228 486,131 4,968,151 649,429 3,181,683 $ $ 50,000,000 Convertible debt Long term debt? Decommissioning obligation Total long-term liabilities TOTAL LIABILITIES $ 50,000,000 $ 50,000,000 $ 130,000,000 110,000,000 50,869,352 46,009,980 $ 230,869,352 $ 206,009,980 $ $ 240,483,057 $ 209,191,663 50,000,000 $ 10,000,000 37,496,934 97,496,934 $ 100,B32,885 S 32,498,779 82,498,779 87,466,930 $ SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Common shares Retained earnings TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS'EQUITY 80,000,000 $ 6,520,147 86,520,147 $ 80,000,000 $ 872,435 80,872,435 $ 80,000,000 $ 11,521,532 91,521,532 $ 80,000,000 11,610,567 91,610,567 $ TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY $ 327,003, 204 $ 290,064,098 $ 192,454,417 $ 179,077,497 Wells in production 140 125 100 85 Leases are for 25 years renewable at WER's option and are amortized at 4% per year 2 Debt is at 6% p.a. no fixed payment terms and is convertible to 20,000,000 shares from treasury 3 Borrowings are at 7% p.a. payable in 10 years secured by production properties; covenant D/E