this is for a practice question:

what is the best description of income-contingent loans to help lower-income households finance their university education?

a) tuition should be raised somewhat in order to boost the quality of education but in the event of non-payment the entire loan should be forgiven

b) non-repayable grants awarded to many students should be raised in order to improve access to high education and reduce student debt-loads upon graduation

c) tuition costs should be lowered for all students in order to improve access to higher education and reduce student-loads upon graduation

d) tuition should be raised somewhat in order to boost the quality of education provided, but repayment of student loans should be geared to the student's income after graduation

e) a repayment threshold should not be applied to those who fail to graduate