This question is related to criminology. Please give at least 2 references as well. The answer should be related to those referneces.

In 2018, 8.7 percent of Canadians lived below the poverty line and 1.5 million (or 4.6 percent) of Canadians lived in deep income poverty. Criminologists have considered the characteristics of the lower-class neighbourhoods in which many of these individuals reside and have often found them to be scenes of inadequate housing and health care, disrupted family lives, underemployment, and despair. All these factors have been linked to higher rates of criminal behaviour and, disturbingly, are implicated in a culture of poverty that passes from one generation to the next. In Canada, child poverty is highest among recent immigrants, especially visible minorities, and among the Indigenous population.

Please explain your answer according to those references which you will provide. please and thank you

This problem has existed for a long time and is getting worse, what do you think makes it continue? Cite a criminological theory or theories to exemplify your position.

fonot provide the link of the references but please attach the title of tge reference or any book please.